正参考的20分钟科学报告提纲:1 z/ C; k& `0 B# }; N
1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)
. \+ r w) h. s6 _" C 2. Forecast (1 slide): Give gist of problem attacked and insight found (What is the one idea you want people to leave with? This is the "abstract" of an oral presentation.)
4 u# a* G8 Z/ U 3. Outline (1 slide): Give talk structure. Some speakers prefer to put this at the bottom of their title slide. (Audiences like predictability.)6 ~# w8 N" O* t+ n5 Z m; ^
4. Background
) q, D$ h& A4 z0 H! M* Y# L 4-1. Motivation and Problem Statement (1-2 slides):(Why should anyone care? Most researchers overestimate how much the audience knows about the problem they are attacking.)
) o5 i5 s; n5 p4 S 4-2. Related Work (0-1 slides): Cover superficially or omit; refer people to your paper.1 H. Z$ F9 l1 d& Q2 f: O2 s
4-3. Methods (1 slide): Cover quickly in short talks; refer people to your paper.1 G6 J6 u" t9 z
5. Results (4-6 slides): Present key results and key insights. This is main body of the talk. Its internal structure varies greatly as a function of the researcher's contribution. (Do not superficially cover all results; cover key result well. Do not just present numbers; interpret them to give insights. Do not put up large tables of numbers.)
5 M4 G, D; i+ i5 x5 _ 6. Summary (1 slide)
8 T* L, f* E# i6 U. { 7. Future Work (0-1 slides):Optionally give problems this research opens up.
! Q. j+ ?, l% Z. L. Q; Q, } 8. Backup Slides (0-3 slides): Optionally have a few slides ready (not counted in your talk total) to answer expected questions. (Likely question areas: ideas glossed over, shortcomings of methods or results, and future work.), m( B" u" X/ M- R$ j+ \
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简洁版: 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)
$ B( i5 V0 J" P. F9 Q 2. Motivation (1 slide) C% x U. ]" _+ P7 ^. P
3. Background (1 slide)5 s8 T! P* \7 B' Q/ v
4. Hypothesis (1 slide)
% ^# D+ f7 K3 d0 l4 J) O 5. Results (8 slides)* P! [! p& p) F
6. Conclusion (1 slide)
! L o6 \6 \2 y d 7. Future Work (1 slide)
1 g3 v d$ q' t& _0 @* L$ e7 C( g$ ] 8. Acknowledgements (1slide)
' R1 C+ E t2 v$ o9 u, h$ C 9. Backup Slides# J+ L, u% Q* I% A" |
0 R, }5 p7 r T- B+ `举个例子:) c2 _4 T2 q% X1 m3 J
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(1)原则
7 r% N: ]. Q% j! Z5 F5 S' T首先,引用 A PhD is not enough 中的话:; `6 d% N2 w3 ~7 }5 [
As the speaker you are putting on a one-man show. Your listeners are investigating an hour of their valuable time... They expect to hear a good story, with a beginning, a middle and an end...% [$ o N3 B3 ^8 P Z
... Never over-estimate your audience... O8 B5 f) }6 g4 ?. _& U# a: L, ~
是的,要讲一个“故事”,因为大家都喜欢听故事,无厘头在这里就不靠谱了。而且要尽量讲得简单易懂,化繁为简,林老师也说“如果学术报告能够让老妈也能听懂,就是成功”(据说是 Don Forsyth 的名言)。0 R/ G. y4 J& C7 Y3 y
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(2)结构
6 m6 h, t2 M0 z$ K) f1 W我之前分享了一份20分钟科学演讲的提纲:4 N# O* h7 l0 p7 ?' a
http://www.joyocean.org/viewthread.php?tid=1789&extra=page%3D1& \/ \4 [1 ^1 T
以“讲故事”为目标,修改后的最终版本PPT的结构变成了: i5 I9 O+ d/ z0 `% p7 O! J7 ?
1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)& g# v5 o- A, {2 W* }
2. Motivation (1 slide); w% |' I/ ]# `3 w
3. Background (1 slide)9 C$ r$ U: {" ]3 |
4. Hypothesis (1 slide)6 c% B2 m8 D& x9 V% }! V
5. Results (8 slides)
7 e+ R, R2 D5 ]" q9 U* I 6. Conclusion (1 slide)
( v2 S3 i8 W$ L. j2 L2 C7 r6 l; x 7. Future Work (1 slide)' w& [7 O$ j% ~. Q- Z! Y
8. Acknowledgements (1slide), h3 l7 l' x- Y7 v% `
9. Backup Slides
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几点我觉得比较重要的改变包括:
" R% G4 c. R2 y" x7 S. }a. 删除 Forcast & Outline,这是为了更快的进入“故事”;其实所有与故事无关的都应当删去。' ?. c Z4 F4 B: `
b. 缩减 Background,删减后的这个部分只有一张slide,只包括“故事”中必须要用到的概念。
' w) c; w1 c* t0 Xc. 增加 Hypothesis,这个部分有点像文章的 Introduction,与最后的Conclusion对应,介绍这个研究的科学问题。
) ]2 P* \0 z' u5 k; f7 o% j+ i" Ud. 加大 Results 的份额,这个就不用多说了吧。“讲故事”就在这里。当然了,我发现真正在准备的时候还是很费时的,因为要注意顺序问题,怎样能一张一张有逻辑的将故事说圆了,让大家都没有疑惑。0 l+ x. {: U" k y, _0 Z. O! w
1 G3 g6 v( _1 ]- \(3)讲故事
1 T# }7 L" |7 ~$ x. w! s7 M& [$ V; H5 n也就是 Results 部分,也是报告真正的核心内容。与写文章不同的是,因为时间限制,细节问题不需要讨论;这样才能将重要的内容凸显出来。图多字少不用公式也是给短报告的一个原则。9 p5 R9 b, W+ K4 a
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我的第一个版本的每一张 Slide 都包括了进度条和姓名时间,后来在林老师的建议下删掉了。这是因为要“努力使听众集中注意力听故事”。
$ r; I7 D6 r) P* A, J/ s A+ X同样,制作 PPT 还有很多细节问题,有些关乎个人风格。目标当然是要显得“Professional”了。下面是林老师在帮我修改 PPT 时的一些建议,在这里与大家分享一下:+ V* F: @) y- G& i
a. 字体: Aria narrow.
- k) y' f) w a( o' G 字体大小: title 32, subtitle 28 etc., not smaller than 18
$ A, e- s5 Q3 @b.深色底色加上浅色(比如白&黄色)的字# C: q( c( V0 k1 R2 T
c. 不要过分展示别人的结果,专注于讲自己的故事。
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. q$ G. x2 {8 X& A7 N(5)画图
1 \/ ^# X: z9 P+ n7 z! n因为图片在报告的重要性,PPT 中的每一张图都要重新画过,推荐用 png 格式。我用 AI 将 pdf 转成 png 格式,同时要注意分辨率,字体大小的问题。下面链接是个很详细的说明:# H1 d" ~. H9 e
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- h$ P2 H! ?/ R rRef:www.52ocean.cn
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