正参考的20分钟科学报告提纲：
' L3 V. @) B, O1 G 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)
' C1 ]0 T8 }/ f- Y+ k 2. Forecast (1 slide)： Give gist of problem attacked and insight found (What is the one idea you want people to leave with? This is the "abstract" of an oral presentation.)
2 b8 L# f& V0 S0 x- o% c2 v7 K' `7 S 3. Outline (1 slide)： Give talk structure. Some speakers prefer to put this at the bottom of their title slide. (Audiences like predictability.)
5 w: u* F8 W! O- L( Z 4. Background
- r4 i* @1 f3 h( K 4-1. Motivation and Problem Statement (1-2 slides)：(Why should anyone care? Most researchers overestimate how much the audience knows about the problem they are attacking.)
! |' ?7 v5 y: \! a, C& C 4-2. Related Work (0-1 slides)： Cover superficially or omit; refer people to your paper.
" t* ?8 n8 C' o! E. _ 4-3. Methods (1 slide)： Cover quickly in short talks; refer people to your paper.# z# c+ N3 ~+ ]" \5 q2 R, o
5. Results (4-6 slides)： Present key results and key insights. This is main body of the talk. Its internal structure varies greatly as a function of the researcher's contribution. (Do not superficially cover all results; cover key result well. Do not just present numbers; interpret them to give insights. Do not put up large tables of numbers.)) l0 E. t' m, b/ [. D; G! }
6. Summary (1 slide)9 f. }9 l2 ~ ^" j
7. Future Work (0-1 slides)：Optionally give problems this research opens up.' y1 G7 N& r) d9 W$ \# {1 U- _
8. Backup Slides (0-3 slides): Optionally have a few slides ready (not counted in your talk total) to answer expected questions. (Likely question areas: ideas glossed over, shortcomings of methods or results, and future work.)
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简洁版： 1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)5 I6 R7 _7 d Y% H" I
2. Motivation (1 slide)5 y1 ^5 a, c' e @! c. V9 A0 ]6 q4 x
3. Background (1 slide)
h" m2 @! d( N/ Z; X 4. Hypothesis (1 slide)
+ Z+ j, X( [ ?- f 5. Results (8 slides)
5 D( v! o% Q& y5 ~2 {7 P" A* i4 \3 I! M 6. Conclusion (1 slide)" r) C0 v* m: U+ n. w0 U
7. Future Work (1 slide); F# S3 T" ]& z5 y+ j; a
8. Acknowledgements (1slide) U3 ?5 v; U8 o3 s9 u1 K
9. Backup Slides8 @" D C# A& [5 N9 ?; X
* K1 g+ C2 q, Q8 v4 e: \举个例子：
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（1）原则4 A3 W' I1 ?4 C5 a) D# h
首先，引用 A PhD is not enough 中的话：1 \6 K3 M) _- U+ N, {
As the speaker you are putting on a one-man show. Your listeners are investigating an hour of their valuable time... They expect to hear a good story, with a beginning, a middle and an end...
: l1 d% z$ Z; P' q/ r" L" N8 Z1 W4 t... Never over-estimate your audience...( l# R' ?4 B# t: V
是的，要讲一个“故事”，因为大家都喜欢听故事，无厘头在这里就不靠谱了。而且要尽量讲得简单易懂，化繁为简，林老师也说“如果学术报告能够让老妈也能听懂，就是成功”（据说是 Don Forsyth 的名言）。
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（2）结构! @, h O1 e$ Y8 W1 S" U5 S
我之前分享了一份20分钟科学演讲的提纲：
6 P' N" R$ G, S. g2 J! i: _http://www.joyocean.org/viewthread.php?tid=1789&extra=page%3D1
, @) l) ^2 g% g8 ]/ q+ `以“讲故事”为目标，修改后的最终版本PPT的结构变成了：: s+ z- a7 ~5 r: \6 c a a
1. Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)
- @, l) S1 Z( q! V* O/ W! x 2. Motivation (1 slide)
! ] \& Z5 I! o" X* a 3. Background (1 slide)
8 Q2 a% N) L+ [. r- A1 q 4. Hypothesis (1 slide)7 ]# h4 D0 g) t0 {9 J
5. Results (8 slides)* @+ n5 E- B1 ] t9 c' f
6. Conclusion (1 slide)
8 c6 j8 a4 B% e1 w- e2 | 7. Future Work (1 slide)
. F, k1 G# F7 L% O 8. Acknowledgements (1slide)
. v6 j; w1 ~' M 9. Backup Slides0 H, K2 S* U- h3 a6 \3 d
- P9 y+ ?; Y& L4 b; @4 i( W1 ?几点我觉得比较重要的改变包括：1 I1 _" }" l$ J3 [" @
a. 删除 Forcast & Outline，这是为了更快的进入“故事”；其实所有与故事无关的都应当删去。
0 |+ f9 b0 g2 n( Hb. 缩减 Background，删减后的这个部分只有一张slide，只包括“故事”中必须要用到的概念。
- U i# C* z A0 i/ E. Oc. 增加 Hypothesis，这个部分有点像文章的 Introduction，与最后的Conclusion对应，介绍这个研究的科学问题。' u* ~' b2 S# G( W
d. 加大 Results 的份额，这个就不用多说了吧。“讲故事”就在这里。当然了，我发现真正在准备的时候还是很费时的，因为要注意顺序问题，怎样能一张一张有逻辑的将故事说圆了，让大家都没有疑惑。
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（3）讲故事
$ `% e. ^7 u+ o5 `8 A9 i也就是 Results 部分，也是报告真正的核心内容。与写文章不同的是，因为时间限制，细节问题不需要讨论；这样才能将重要的内容凸显出来。图多字少不用公式也是给短报告的一个原则。
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5 r8 v! b6 E7 X# N0 C/ N9 ^（4）风格
$ i2 P& z4 I2 k) l! N我的第一个版本的每一张 Slide 都包括了进度条和姓名时间，后来在林老师的建议下删掉了。这是因为要“努力使听众集中注意力听故事”。
* }" Z; T7 o. {! G同样，制作 PPT 还有很多细节问题，有些关乎个人风格。目标当然是要显得“Professional”了。下面是林老师在帮我修改 PPT 时的一些建议，在这里与大家分享一下：3 @8 {9 `7 S M0 G9 ^, @5 k7 o
a. 字体: Aria narrow.
/ o# H) W+ F/ N/ C8 q 字体大小: title 32, subtitle 28 etc., not smaller than 18& D: A& Q: Q" s# B9 L" v
b.深色底色加上浅色（比如白&黄色）的字3 b/ s+ n3 B0 q) {/ M
c. 不要过分展示别人的结果，专注于讲自己的故事。
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（5）画图
* v a& I B! C因为图片在报告的重要性，PPT 中的每一张图都要重新画过，推荐用 png 格式。我用 AI 将 pdf 转成 png 格式，同时要注意分辨率，字体大小的问题。下面链接是个很详细的说明：
" E2 p, H. G2 t8 Owww.52ocean.cn# q3 l- s5 \. O8 [4 N( [% }
6 W; s6 n+ X- h2 y- g7 s+ sRef：www.52ocean.cn8 h6 U1 L; e8 O/ H
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